來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-08-14 20:21:01
【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】?
(一)不定冠詞a,an的用法如下:
?a用于輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前,an用于元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前。
值得注意的是:
A. 如果不定冠詞后面第一個(gè)詞以元音字母u開(kāi)頭就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform。
B. 如果不定冠詞后面第一個(gè)詞以不發(fā)音的h開(kāi)頭,而h后面第一個(gè)音的音素是元音因素,就用an。例如hour, honest。
C. 如果不定冠詞和名詞前有其他詞,不定冠詞的形式仍取決于它后面第一個(gè)詞的語(yǔ)音形式。例如an actress, a beautiful actress。
1?表示人或事物的某一類(lèi)(含義相當(dāng)于一類(lèi)事物的任何一個(gè))?
Adictionary isauseful book.
Anunderground train can start and stop quickly.
2?用于表示數(shù)量、時(shí)間的名詞前,表示“一”的意思,但數(shù)的概念沒(méi)有one強(qiáng)烈。The plan will be ready in a day or two, onceaweek.
3.泛指某人或某物,但未具體說(shuō)明何人、何物,如:
Aboy is waiting for me.
Give meapen, please.
4?用于某些固定短語(yǔ)中?
如:afew,alittle,alot of,anumber of, justaminute, inahurry, forawhile, foralong time,acup of,abottle of, havearest, haveatalk, haveafever, haveagood time, have(take)awalk, haveatoothache, takeabath, givealesson
(二)定冠詞用法如下:?
定冠詞的用法如下:
1.指彼此都知道的人或事物,如:
Openthedoor, please.
Go and closethewindow.
2.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,如:
Thegirl in red is my sister.
Theman over there is our English teacher.
Thebook on the desk is mine.
3.指前面提到過(guò)的人或事物,如:
Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works inthefactory.
4.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前,在方位詞前。如:
TheNile isthelongest river in the world.
He wonthefirst prize.
The sun rises intheeast.
5.用在某些名詞化的形容詞,過(guò)去分詞前,表示一類(lèi)人或事物, 如:
therich,thesick,thenew ,thefalse
6.用在某些專(zhuān)用名詞前, 如:
theGreat Wall
thePeople’s Republic of China
theUnited Nations
the Netherlands
7.在江河、海洋、山脈、湖泊、群島的名稱(chēng)的前面,如:
theNorth China Plain
theRocky Mountains
theYangtse River
8.在一些用語(yǔ)中,如:
in the morning(/afternoon/evening), in the day, by the way, on the whole, the next morning, all the year around, the other day, at the same time
(三)不用冠詞的情況?
1.專(zhuān)有名詞人名,地名,節(jié)日,月份,年份,星期和不可數(shù)名詞(一般指物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞)前一般不用冠詞。如:
China, Beihai Park
2.名詞前面已有用作定語(yǔ)的this, that, my, your, some, any , no等代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),不用冠詞。如:
The letter is from my father.
I have a book in my hand.
3.在復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí),如:
Horses are useful animals.
Ilike cakes.
4.在節(jié)日名稱(chēng),(稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)和表示官銜的名詞前)星期、月份、季節(jié)前。如:
Today is Sunday.
Spring is the best season in the year.
Children’s Day
5.表示某一類(lèi)人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。?
6.球類(lèi),棋類(lèi),語(yǔ)言,三餐,游戲名稱(chēng)和顏色前不加冠詞。如:
I like to play basketball.
We have lunch at school.
7.在表示家庭成員名稱(chēng),稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ),表示頭銜或職務(wù)的名詞前不加冠詞。
8. 在某些固定搭配和習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中,如:
go to school , be in hospital, be in prison
注意下列詞組的區(qū)別, in fort of與in the front of, in hospital與in the hospital, at table與at the table, go to school與go to the school, a number of children=many children, The number of children =孩子的數(shù)量 ?
二、學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)需要注意的要點(diǎn)
(1)在school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, class, table, bed等表示機(jī)構(gòu)名稱(chēng)、組織名稱(chēng)和家具的名詞前,用定冠詞和用不定冠詞意義有差異。用定冠詞強(qiáng)調(diào)處所,而不用定冠詞意義有所引申。比較:
at table就餐
at the table坐在桌邊
go to school去上學(xué)
go to the school 去這個(gè)學(xué)校
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在這家醫(yī)院
go to prison(違法而)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄
go to the prison到監(jiān)獄
go to church做禮拜
go to the church到教堂
in class在課堂上
in the class在班級(jí)里
(2)在某些詞前用不同冠詞(定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞),意義大不相同,例如
a little/few有一點(diǎn)
little/few幾乎沒(méi)有
a number of許多
the number of ……的數(shù)目
in front of在……前面
in the front of在……前部
take place發(fā)生
take the place of 代替
out of the question根本不可能
out of question 沒(méi)有問(wèn)題
the most beautiful最漂亮
most beautiful非常漂亮
for a moment片刻
for the moment暫時(shí)
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