英語(yǔ)中的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法和達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)

一、概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

二、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：

at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。

三、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)

否定形式：was/were + not + doing.

一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首。

四、基本用法：

主要表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。由于它的定義是表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以，句子常帶有一個(gè)表示“過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的狀語(yǔ)。這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)可能是短語(yǔ)，詞組，或是一個(gè)從句。也可能是通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表達(dá)這層意思。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于下面的情景中：

1)表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，例如：

At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天這時(shí)候，我正在收拾東西去露營(yíng)。

When I came to see her last time, she was writing an article.上次我來(lái)看她的時(shí)候，她正在寫(xiě)一篇文章。

What were you doing at eight last night ? 昨晚八點(diǎn)鐘你在做什么?

2)用于故事的開(kāi)頭，交代故事發(fā)生的背景情況。

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)所描述的動(dòng)作是“正在進(jìn)行”，所以，在這種情景中用“過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)”可以給讀者一種“動(dòng)感”，從而能使文章更加生動(dòng)活潑。例如：

One night, he was typing in his study . Suddenly , a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity … .一天晚上，他正在書(shū)房里打字。突然，一個(gè)人闖進(jìn)屋來(lái)，切斷了電源……

3)(僅限少數(shù)動(dòng)詞)表示在過(guò)去的未來(lái)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：

When National Day was coming near , they began to make a plan for the holiday .國(guó)慶節(jié)即將來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，他們開(kāi)始制訂度假計(jì)劃。

She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告訴我她將去海南度假。

My friend said to me that he was lunching with one of his customers that day .我朋友對(duì)我說(shuō)，他今天要與他的一位客戶一塊兒吃午飯。

We left there when it's getting dark. 天快黑的時(shí)候，我們離開(kāi)了那兒。

五、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

兩者的基本差別是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)通常表示一個(gè)過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行且尚未完成的動(dòng)作，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則通常表示一個(gè)過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。如：

I was reading a book last night. 我昨晚在看書(shū)。(不一定看完)

I read a book last night. 我昨晚看了一本書(shū)。(已經(jīng)看完)

They were building a bridge there. 他們?cè)谀抢镄抟蛔鶚颉?不一定建成)

They built a bridge there. 他們?cè)谀莾盒蘖艘蛔鶚颉?已建成)

注：有些動(dòng)詞(如rain, snow, cough, wear, feel, work等)本身并不表示動(dòng)作完成，這時(shí)用兩種時(shí)態(tài)都可以，且含義區(qū)別不大：

It rained [was raining] all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。

She didn’t feel [wasn’t feeling] well that day. 那天她感到不太舒服。

達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)

一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.

2. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.

3. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.

4. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it ________ (begin) to rain.

5. It was quite late at night. George __________ (read) and Amy __________ (play) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knock at the door.

6. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.

7 Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter ____(do) the same thing.

8. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school?Yes, it ____. (No, it ____)

9. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _____ (leave) in five minutes.

10. In a letter, john told us that he _____ (come) to china next month.

11. She __________ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.

12. Later his parents found that he _____ (sit) on some eggs.

13. The students _______ (sing) and ____ (dance) happily on the playground at that time.

14. I _____________ (write) a letter when the door bell rang.

15. We had no classe at that time. We ___________ (plant) trees.

二、 選擇題

1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.

a. cooked, were ringingb. was cooking, rang

c. was cooking, were ringingd. cooked, rang

2.He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.

a. triesb. triedc. was tryingd. will try

3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.

a. was watching, was hearingb. watched, was hearing

c. watched, heardd. was watching, heard

4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.

a. were watchingb. watchc. watchedd. are watching

5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?

a. did, read, was seeingb. did, read, saw

c. were, reading, sawd. were, reading, was seeing

7.Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.

a. is, thinking, wasb. was, thinking, isc. did, think, isd. was, thinking, was

11.While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate.

a. did, madeb. was doing, made c. was doing, was makingd. did, was making

13.He ____ some cooking at that time, so _____ me

a. did, heardb. did, didn't hearc. was doing, heardd. was doing, didn't hear

14.This time yesterday jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV

a. repaired, didn't watchb. was repairing, watched

c. repaired, watchedd. was repairing, wasn't watching

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