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2019初三英語語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞

來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-05-22 16:37:51

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初三英語語法被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞

主動(dòng)語態(tài)比被動(dòng)語態(tài)直接而有力,多用主動(dòng)語態(tài),可以使文章充滿朝氣,呈現(xiàn)活力。在下列兩組句子中, (b)比(a)有力:

(1) a.My first visit to New Zealand will always be remembered by me.

b. I will always remember my first visit to New Zealand.

(2) a.The crowing of cocks could be heard at dawn.

b. The cocks' crow came with dawn.

雖然如此,在某些情況下,非用被動(dòng)語態(tài)不可。前此已提過這事,這里不再重述。這里只有指出其中一點(diǎn),就是有些動(dòng)詞,如 "base, schedule, expect, suppose" 等,通常以被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式出現(xiàn)。

例如:

(1)This survey was based on facts.

(2)The last train is scheduled to leave at 9pm.

(3)You are expected to come on time.

(4)All are supposed to work hard.

除了上述這些動(dòng)詞之外,還有十種,幾乎都以被動(dòng)式出現(xiàn)。

(一)有關(guān)“疾病”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(1)Helen's left lung is infected.

(2)He is confined to the house by illness.

(3)The old man was seized with sudden chest pains.

(二)有關(guān)“疲乏”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(4) I am completely exhausted after the game.

(5)Tom was done up after the race.

(三)有關(guān)“喜樂”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(6)The children were fascinated by the toys.

(7)We were delighted to hear the good news.

(8) I am very pleased to see you here.

(四)有關(guān)“延遲”或“障礙”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(9)The workers were held up by the heavy rain.

(10)The road was blocked by ice.

(11)The train was delayed by 30 minutes.

(五)有關(guān)“慣性動(dòng)作”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(12)Tom is addicted to smoking.

(13)Foreign workers are quite used to hard work.

(六)有關(guān)“煩惱”或“焦急”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(14)Who was upset by John?

(15)Mother was annoyed to know this.

(七)有關(guān)“驚奇”或“震驚”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(16) I was surprised to see him here.

(17)All were shocked to hear the bad news.

(八)有關(guān)“包圍”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(18)The troops were surrounded.

(19)Troy was besieged.

(九)有關(guān)“沾污”或“污化”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(20)Judy's reputation is tarnished.

(21)The water was contaminated with oil.

(十)有關(guān)“害怕”或“混亂”的動(dòng)詞,如:

(22)All were frightened out of their wits.

(23)He was puzzled about what to do next.

要注意的一點(diǎn)是,上面這十類動(dòng)詞有些已漸漸失去了動(dòng)詞力量,轉(zhuǎn)化為慣用語。

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