初三英語(yǔ)話題復(fù)習(xí)直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)

窗體頂端直接引用別人原話，叫直接引語(yǔ)。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)常用賓語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)。直接引語(yǔ)前后要用引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)。

He Said: "I have seen the film." 他說(shuō)："我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影。"(直接引語(yǔ))

He said that he had seen the film. 他說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。(間接引語(yǔ))

怎樣把直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)?

1.根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q。

如：They said, "We are busy now." (直接引語(yǔ))

They said that they were busy then. (間接引語(yǔ))

一般來(lái)說(shuō)第三人稱代詞常常不變，第一人稱一般變?yōu)榈诙�人稱。

2.若主句的謂語(yǔ)是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要調(diào)整時(shí)態(tài)。

直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)

現(xiàn)在時(shí) 過(guò)去時(shí)

過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)(少數(shù)不變)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

過(guò)去完成時(shí) 不變

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

由上述內(nèi)容可知，時(shí)態(tài)的變化都是由現(xiàn)在的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)而變成了達(dá)去的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。要特別注意，客觀真理以及過(guò)去完成時(shí)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，不需作時(shí)態(tài)調(diào)整。

3.指示代詞，進(jìn)間狀語(yǔ)也要作調(diào)整。

直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)

this that

these those

now then

today that day

tonight that night

tomorrow the next (following) day(month, year)

yesterday the day before

yesterday afternoon the afternoon before

last year (month) the year (month) before

ago before

here there

注：動(dòng)詞(come)也常變?yōu)間o

4.若直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句，改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)(口語(yǔ)中常省略)，其它作相應(yīng)的變化。

He said, "I've just got a letter from my sister."

He said he had just got a letter from his sister.

需要說(shuō)明的是，若引號(hào)里是兩句話，改為間接引語(yǔ)后，第二句前也要用that連接起來(lái)。

"He was here a few weeks ago, and he came again yesterday." she said.

She said that he had been there a few weeks before, and that he had come again the day before.

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